Newborn babies are susceptible to a variety of illnesses, as their immune systems are still developing and they do not yet have the antibodies to fight off infections. Some of the most common illnesses that newborns are at risk for include:
Infections
Infections are a major concern for newborns as their immune systems are not fully developed. Common infections that newborns are susceptible to include:
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): This virus can cause serious respiratory infections in newborns, leading to potentially life-threatening complications.
- Group B Streptococcus (GBS): GBS can cause sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis in newborns if passed on from the mother during childbirth.
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV): Newborns can contract HSV from the birth canal during delivery, leading to serious infections that can affect the brain, liver, and lungs.
Jaundice
Jaundice is a common condition in newborns that occurs when there is an excess of bilirubin in the blood, causing a yellowing of the skin and eyes. While mild jaundice is common and usually resolves on its own, severe jaundice can lead to complications such as brain damage.
Respiratory Issues
Newborns are also at risk for respiratory issues, as their lungs are still developing. Common respiratory problems in newborns include:
- Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN): This condition causes rapid breathing and is usually due to delayed clearing of lung fluid.
- Apnea of Prematurity: Premature infants are at risk for apnea, where they stop breathing for short periods of time.
Gastrointestinal Problems
Newborns can also experience gastrointestinal issues that can cause discomfort and complications. Common gastrointestinal problems in newborns include:
- Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER): GER occurs when the muscle between the esophagus and stomach is not fully developed, causing stomach contents to flow back up into the esophagus.
- Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC): NEC is a serious gastrointestinal condition that affects premature infants, causing inflammation and damage to the intestines.
Sepsis
Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening condition that can occur when the body’s response to an infection causes inflammation throughout the body. Newborns are at higher risk for sepsis due to their immature immune systems and susceptibility to infections.