There are several grape varieties commonly used in the production of Greek wines, each contributing unique flavors and characteristics to the final product.
White Grape Varieties
White grape varieties play a significant role in Greek wine production, with some popular choices including:
- Assyrtiko: This grape is famous for producing crisp, acidic wines with citrus and mineral notes. It is primarily grown on the island of Santorini.
- Moschofilero: Known for its aromatic profile, Moschofilero produces wines with floral and citrus notes. It is commonly grown in the Peloponnese region.
- Malagousia: Malagousia grapes produce wines with exotic fruit and floral aromas, making them a favorite among wine enthusiasts.
Red Grape Varieties
Red grape varieties are also prevalent in Greek wine production, offering a range of flavors and styles. Some popular choices include:
- Agiorgitiko: Also known as St. George, this grape variety produces medium to full-bodied red wines with notes of red fruit and spices. It is primarily grown in the Nemea region.
- Xinomavro: Xinomavro grapes are known for their high acidity and tannins, producing wines with complex flavors of red fruit, olives, and herbs. This variety is commonly grown in the Naoussa region.
- Mavrodaphne: Mavrodaphne grapes are used to produce sweet fortified wines with flavors of dried fruits, chocolate, and spices. These wines are popular as dessert wines.
Other Varieties
In addition to the above-mentioned grape varieties, Greek wine production also includes a range of other lesser-known varieties that contribute to the diversity of Greek wines. Some of these include:
- Robola: A white grape variety grown on the island of Kefalonia, known for producing wines with notes of citrus and green apple.
- Limnio: An ancient red grape variety grown primarily on the island of Lemnos, producing wines with dark fruit and herbal notes.
- Retsina: While not a grape variety per se, Retsina is a unique style of Greek wine made by adding pine resin during fermentation, imparting a distinctive piney flavor to the wine.